The listener’s eardrums vibrate, causing movement of three tiny bones that, in turn, stimulate the cochlear nerve.The speaker’s vocal cords produce a sequence of vibrations that travel invisibly through the air and land on the recipient’s eardrums.Here’s what happens in an exchange between speaker and listener: “What you think you ‘hear’ is a virtual-reality recreation of sounds that stopped at your eardrum and, from there on, exist as soundless electrical impulses.” “There’s no tiny speaker inside your brain that relays messages from the outside,” explains neurologist Martin Kutscher, M.D., author of ADHD-Living Without Brakes. “We’ve had hardly any garbled messages since George started taking medication for his ADHD,” says Diane. The couple also discovered that stimulant medication may rectify misinterpretation by “strengthening the signal,” the neurochemical pathway from the ear (where sound waves enter) to the brain’s auditory processing cortex (where sounds are interpreted and given meaning). Their therapist gave George and Diane strategies for enhancing communication. Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) and ADHD Simply put, CAPD causes a person to misinterpret what someone is saying and the tone of voice in which it is said. The couple was relieved when the cognitive therapist explained to them that ADHD has a common comorbid condition called Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). Just as their miscommunication reached fever pitch, George was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). But the message had been sliced and diced on the way from my mouth to his understanding of what I’d said.” Diane was right. He was looking right at me, paying attention. Diane didn’t buy it: “It’s not that he wasn’t listening or didn’t want to listen. The couple’s therapist suggested that George had a deep-seated resistance to listening to Diane, so he blocked her out. Given the couple’s tangled talk, and George’s penchant for watching TV at full volume, Diane thought he had a hearing problem, but testing nixed that theory. Puzzled, he said, “Your suits stare? What?”ĭespite Diane’s clarification, George insisted that she had said exactly that - and in a disapproving tone of voice. Once she met him at her front door with a warm smile, noticed mud on his shoes, and asked him to leave his boots on the stairs. In substance abuse disorders, symptoms are directly related to intoxication with substances and associated withdrawal if physiologic dependence is present.“Garbled.” That is how Diane described communicating with her fiancé George. Patients with Anxiety Disorders may show hyperactive behavior, such as fidgeting and inattentive behaviors, but these behaviors are accompanied by persistent fear and worries and somatic symptoms of anxiety. Perceptual visual, binocular, or auditory disorders, anxiety, depression, mania, primary disorders of vigilance, narcolepsy, developmental-specific learning disorders, conduct disorders, and acquired neurologic deficits) All too often, the child is not screened for the presence of other disorders that can mimic or coexist with ADHD (e.g.
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